前言

本文是18年电赛赛题之一。本装置采用STM32F103与FDC2214通信，FDC2214极板与手构成的电容数值，经过FDC2214转换，传入MCU算法判断，在LCD显示出相应的手势。

方案

用FDC2214的一个电容检测端口接上铜板，铜板上放一块透明的聚氯乙烯（PVC）塑料板，手相当于另外一个极板，放在PVC塑料板上，但是不同的手势会使得极板的面积不同，因此与电容感应板之间产生的电容大小不同，因此根据一特性设置不同的阈值从而达到分辨不同手势的目的获取不同的电容数据，通过IIC发送给89C51，用芯片内储存的数据与采集的数据比较判断出相应的手势显示在lcd12864上；训练模式中，采集两次数据，求得平均值，选择好储存的手势，储存起来，然后返回判决模式，进入采集，判断。

系统流程图

主要程序

#include "bsp_fdc2214.h"
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "sys.h"
#include "bsp_iic.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "key.h"
#include "lcd.h"
#include "timer.h"

u32 chvalue; //传感器采集过来的数据
u8 num[11]; //数据字符串  显示到lcd的字符串数组
u8 keyvalue = 0;
u32 valuebuf[10] = {
    9254000, 9140000, 9030000, 9010000, 8992000, 8986000
}; //存储  0-5根手指的值

void getvalue() //获取传感器数据并输出
    {
        chvalue = FDC2X14ReadCH(1); //多通道需要调整FDC2X14ReadCH(x)
        printf("CH0=%d\n", chvalue); //串口输出
        num[10] = '\0';
        num[9] = chvalue % 10 + '0';
        num[8] = chvalue / 10 % 10 + '0';
        num[7] = chvalue / 100 % 10 + '0';
        num[6] = chvalue / 1000 % 10 + '0';
        num[5] = chvalue / 10000 % 10 + '0';
        num[4] = chvalue / 100000 % 10 + '0';
        num[3] = chvalue / 1000000 % 10 + '0';
        num[2] = chvalue / 10000000 % 10 + '0';
        num[1] = chvalue / 100000000 % 10 + '0';
        num[0] = chvalue / 1000000000 % 10 + '0';
        LCD_ShowString(180, 80, 210, 24, 24, num); //显示调试数据  到屏幕顶端
    }

int main(void) {
    delay_init();
    NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //设置NVIC中断分组2:2位抢占优先级，2位响应优先级
    uart_init(115200);
    KEY_Init(); //初始化与按键连接的硬件接口
    LCD_Init();
    IIC_Init();
    InitSingleFDC2214(); //初始化单通道
    //InitMultiFDC2214();//初始化多通道
    TIM3_Int_Init(999, 7199); //10Khz的计数频率，计数到1000为100ms  
    POINT_COLOR = BLACK;
    LCD_ShowString(168, 40, 210, 24, 24, "FDC2214 DATA");

    while (1) {
        getvalue();
        LCD_ShowString(10, 400, 180, 24, 24, "Judgment mode");
        LCD_ShowString(300, 400, 180, 24, 24, "Training mode");

        if (keyvalue == 3) {
            keyvalue = 0;
            LCD_Fill(10, 400, 200, 424, WHITE);
            LCD_Fill(300, 400, 480, 424, WHITE);
            while (1) {
                LCD_ShowString(10, 400, 180, 24, 24, "finger-guess");
                LCD_ShowString(300, 400, 180, 24, 24, "finger-row");
                LCD_ShowString(220, 600, 80, 24, 24, "exit");
                if (keyvalue == 3) {
                    keyvalue = 0;
                    LCD_Fill(10, 400, 200, 424, WHITE);
                    LCD_Fill(300, 400, 480, 424, WHITE);
                    LCD_Fill(220, 600, 310, 624, WHITE);
                    while (1) {
                        getvalue(); //获取fdc2214数据并输出
                        if (chvalue > valuebuf[2] - 15000 & chvalue < valuebuf[2] + 30000)
                            LCD_ShowString(220, 600, 80, 24, 24, "scissor"); //剪刀
                        else if (chvalue > valuebuf[0] - 15000 & chvalue < valuebuf[0] + 30000)
                            LCD_ShowString(220, 600, 80, 24, 24, "stone  "); //石头
                        else if (chvalue > valuebuf[5] - 30000 & chvalue < valuebuf[5] + 15000)
                            LCD_ShowString(220, 600, 80, 24, 24, "cloth  "); //布
                        else if (keyvalue == 2) {
                            keyvalue = 0;
                            LCD_Fill(220, 600, 310, 624, WHITE); //清除，石头剪刀，布的显示
                            break;
                        } else {
                            LCD_Fill(220, 600, 310, 624, WHITE);
                        }
                    }
                } else if (keyvalue == 1) {
                    keyvalue = 0;
                    LCD_Fill(10, 400, 200, 424, WHITE);
                    LCD_Fill(300, 400, 480, 424, WHITE);
                    LCD_Fill(220, 600, 310, 624, WHITE);
                    while (1) {
                        getvalue(); //获取fdc2214数据并输出
                        if (chvalue > valuebuf[1] - 10000 & chvalue < valuebuf[1] + 10000)
                            LCD_ShowString(240, 600, 80, 24, 24, "1"); // 1
                        else if (chvalue > valuebuf[2] - 8000 & chvalue < valuebuf[2] + 10000)
                            LCD_ShowString(240, 600, 80, 24, 24, "2"); //2
                        else if (chvalue > valuebuf[3] - 3000 & chvalue < valuebuf[3] + 8000)
                            LCD_ShowString(240, 600, 80, 24, 24, "3"); //3
                        else if (chvalue > valuebuf[4] - 3000 & chvalue < valuebuf[4] + 3000)
                            LCD_ShowString(240, 600, 80, 24, 24, "4"); //4
                        else if (chvalue > valuebuf[5] - 10000 & chvalue < valuebuf[5] + 3000)
                            LCD_ShowString(240, 600, 80, 24, 24, "5"); //5
                        else if (keyvalue == 2) {
                            keyvalue = 0;
                            LCD_Fill(220, 600, 310, 624, WHITE); //清除1.2.3.4.5的显示
                            break;
                        } else {
                            LCD_Fill(220, 600, 310, 624, WHITE);
                        }
                    }
                } else if (keyvalue == 2) {
                    keyvalue = 0;
                    LCD_Fill(10, 400, 200, 424, WHITE);
                    LCD_Fill(300, 400, 480, 424, WHITE);
                    LCD_Fill(220, 600, 310, 624, WHITE);
                    break;
                }
            }


        } else if (keyvalue == 1) {
            keyvalue = 0;
            LCD_Fill(10, 400, 200, 424, WHITE);
            LCD_Fill(300, 400, 480, 424, WHITE);
            while (1) {
                LCD_ShowString(10, 400, 180, 24, 24, "train-guess");
                LCD_ShowString(300, 400, 180, 24, 24, "train-row");
                LCD_ShowString(220, 600, 80, 24, 24, "exit");
                if (keyvalue == 3) //进入猜拳训练
                {
                    keyvalue = 0;
                    LCD_Fill(10, 400, 200, 424, WHITE);
                    LCD_Fill(300, 400, 480, 424, WHITE);
                    LCD_Fill(220, 600, 310, 624, WHITE);
                    while (1) {
                        LCD_ShowString(10, 400, 480, 24, 24, "Press the button key-up when finished");
                        LCD_ShowString(220, 600, 80, 24, 24, "exit");
                        if (keyvalue == 4) {
                            keyvalue = 0;
                            LCD_Fill(10, 400, 480, 424, WHITE);
                            LCD_Fill(220, 600, 310, 624, WHITE);
                            getvalue();
                            while (1) {
                                LCD_ShowString(10, 400, 480, 24, 24, "key0-stone key1-scissor key2-cloth");
                                if (keyvalue == 1) {
                                    keyvalue = 0;
                                    valuebuf[0] = chvalue;
                                    break;
                                } else if (keyvalue == 2) {
                                    keyvalue = 0;
                                    valuebuf[2] = chvalue;
                                    break;
                                } else if (keyvalue == 3) {
                                    keyvalue = 0;
                                    valuebuf[5] = chvalue;
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        } else if (keyvalue == 2) {
                            keyvalue = 0;
                            LCD_Fill(10, 400, 480, 424, WHITE);
                            LCD_Fill(220, 600, 310, 624, WHITE);
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                } else if (keyvalue == 1) //进入划拳训练
                {
                    keyvalue = 0;
                    LCD_Fill(10, 400, 200, 424, WHITE);
                    LCD_Fill(300, 400, 480, 424, WHITE);
                    LCD_Fill(220, 600, 310, 624, WHITE);
                    while (1) {
                        LCD_ShowString(10, 400, 480, 24, 24, "Press the button key-up when finished");
                        LCD_ShowString(220, 600, 80, 24, 24, "exit");
                        if (keyvalue == 4) {
                            keyvalue = 0;
                            LCD_Fill(10, 400, 480, 424, WHITE);
                            LCD_Fill(220, 600, 310, 624, WHITE);
                            getvalue();
                            while (1) {
                                LCD_ShowString(10, 400, 480, 24, 24, "key0-1or2 key1-3or4 key2-5");
                                if (keyvalue == 1) {
                                    keyvalue = 0;
                                    LCD_Fill(10, 400, 480, 424, WHITE);
                                    while (1) {
                                        LCD_ShowString(10, 400, 180, 24, 24, "key0-1 key1-2");
                                        if (keyvalue == 1) {
                                            keyvalue = 0;
                                            valuebuf[1] = chvalue; //存1
                                            break;
                                        }
                                        if (keyvalue == 2) {
                                            keyvalue = 0;
                                            valuebuf[2] = chvalue; //存2
                                            break;
                                        }
                                    }
                                    break;
                                } else if (keyvalue == 2) {
                                    keyvalue = 0;
                                    LCD_Fill(10, 400, 480, 424, WHITE);
                                    while (1) {
                                        LCD_ShowString(10, 400, 180, 24, 24, "key0-3 key1-4");
                                        if (keyvalue == 1) {
                                            keyvalue = 0;
                                            valuebuf[3] = chvalue; //存3
                                            break;
                                        }
                                        if (keyvalue == 2) {
                                            keyvalue = 0;
                                            valuebuf[4] = chvalue; //存4
                                            break;
                                        }
                                    }
                                    break;
                                } else if (keyvalue == 3) {
                                    keyvalue = 0;
                                    valuebuf[5] = chvalue; //存5
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        } else if (keyvalue == 2) {
                            keyvalue = 0;
                            LCD_Fill(10, 400, 480, 424, WHITE);
                            LCD_Fill(220, 600, 310, 624, WHITE);
                            break; //退出划拳训练      
                        }
                    }
                } else if (keyvalue == 2) //退出训练模式
                {
                    keyvalue = 0;
                    LCD_Fill(10, 400, 200, 424, WHITE);
                    LCD_Fill(300, 400, 480, 424, WHITE);
                    LCD_Fill(220, 600, 310, 624, WHITE);
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        delay_ms(100); //最外层循环延时
    }
}

//定时器3中断服务程序
void TIM3_IRQHandler(void) //TIM3中断
    {
        if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM3, TIM_IT_Update) != RESET) //检查TIM3更新中断发生与否
        {
            TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM3, TIM_IT_Update); //清除TIMx更新中断标志 

            keyvalue = KEY_Scan(0); //得到键值

        }
    }

总结

抗干扰能力不强，需要优化算法提高抗干扰能力。

有任何疑问和想法，欢迎在评论区与我交流。